45 70 Vs 450 Bushmaster: Which Big Bore Cartridge is Right for You?
When it comes to hard-hitting firepower, few cartridges spark more debate than the 45 70 vs 450 Bushmaster. These two rounds are known for their knockdown power, making them popular choices for hunting big game or defending against dangerous animals. But if you’re torn between the two, you’re not alone.
In this post, we’re going to break it all down in plain English—power, performance, and purpose. Whether you’re a seasoned hunter or just getting into big bore rifles, we’ve got you covered. So, let’s jump in and compare these two beasts side by side.
History of the 45 70 and the 450 Bushmaster
To truly understand the 45 70 vs 450 Bushmaster comparison, it helps to start with a bit of history.
The 45-70 Government cartridge dates all the way back to 1873. Originally developed for military rifles, it has stood the test of time, now serving mostly hunters who need serious power. Think of it as the grandfather of big bore rounds—with old-school charm and proven results.
The 450 Bushmaster is the new kid on the block, developed in the early 2000s. It was designed specifically for modern semi-automatic rifles like the AR-15. If the 45-70 is a muscle car from the 70s, the 450 Bushmaster is a rugged modern pickup truck—built for performance but packed with modern features.
Ballistic Performance
Here’s where things start to get exciting. Let’s break down how these two rounds perform when it really matters—on the hunt or at the range.
The 45-70 typically fires a bullet weighing between 300 and 500 grains, depending on the load. At close range, it hits with tremendous energy—enough to take down moose, elk, or even bears.
The 450 Bushmaster usually fires a 250 or 300-grain bullet. While its bullet is usually a bit lighter, it travels faster. This means flatter shooting over moderate distances.
So what does this mean practically?
- 45-70: Best for short to medium ranges with maximum stopping power. Great in dense forests or rugged terrain.
- 450 Bushmaster: Flatter trajectory and faster speeds. Easier follow-up shots with a semi-auto platform.
Think of the 45-70 as a heavyweight boxer—massive punches up close. The 450 Bushmaster? More like a fast, powerful middleweight—less brute force but more speed and control.
Effective Range
When you’re comparing 45 70 vs 450 Bushmaster for practical use, distance matters. Neither round is a long-range caliber, but each has its sweet spot.
The 45-70, depending on the load, can effectively reach out to 200 yards. However, that big, heavy bullet drops off quickly after that. You’ll need to know your trajectory if you’re taking longer shots.
The 450 Bushmaster shines from 100 to about 250 yards. With a flatter trajectory and often more consistent ammo options, it’s a bit easier for newer shooters to be accurate at mid-range.
In other words:
- Use 45-70 in thick brush or when you expect close encounters with big animals.
- Use 450 Bushmaster when you want a bit more range and faster shooting, especially from a modern rifle setup.
Rifle Platforms
Rifle options play a big part in choosing between the two cartridges.
The 45-70 is commonly chambered in lever-action rifles like the classic Marlin 1895 or Henry lever guns. These rifles are beloved for their reliability and nostalgic appeal. But they’re usually slower to cycle and carry fewer rounds.
The 450 Bushmaster, on the other hand, was created for platforms like the AR-15. That means faster shooting, detachable magazines, and the ability to accessorize with scopes, bipods, and more.
So what fits your style?
- Traditionalist? The 45-70 in a lever-action rifle offers rugged charm and serious power.
- Modern shooter? The 450 Bushmaster fits into tactical rifles and delivers fast action and easy upgrades.
Picture going out hunting. With the 45-70, you’ve got a classic wooden rifle slung over your shoulder. With the 450, you’ve got a tricked-out AR-style hunting machine.
Recoil and Shootability
Let’s be honest. These are big rounds, and recoil is no joke. But is one easier on your shoulder than the other?
Generally speaking, the 450 Bushmaster has slightly less recoil than the 45-70, especially in semi-auto rifles. That’s partly because the 450 is usually lighter shooting and partly because semi-auto rifles absorb some of the kick.
The 45-70, especially with full-power loads, delivers a hefty thump. In a lightweight rifle, it can be punishing over time. But many hunters don’t mind—after all, you usually only need one shot.
If you’re recoil-sensitive, or you’re planning to shoot at the range a lot, the 450 Bushmaster might be a bit more forgiving. But if you’re only firing a few shots while hunting, the 45-70’s punch might be worth it.
Ammunition Availability and Cost
Let’s talk money. Because ammo isn’t cheap—especially in the world of big-bore calibers.
45-70 ammo is widely available, and because it’s been around for over a century, you’ll find everything from light cowboy action loads to high-powered hunting rounds. The downside? Quality ammo can be pricey, often $2 to $4 per round, depending on the brand and type.
450 Bushmaster ammo is newer, but it’s growing in popularity. You’ll find decent options at most big-box sporting goods stores and online. Typically, it’s a bit more affordable—around $1.50 to $3 per round.
So which is better?
- Want more variety? The 45-70 offers a wider selection for different types of shooting.
- Looking to save money? The 450 Bushmaster usually comes out cheaper and easier to shoot in volume.
Which Is Better for Hunting?
Both cartridges are solid choices for hunting, but they shine in different situations.
For thick woods, where shots are often under 100 yards, the 45-70 is terrific. Its stopping power at close range is legendary. A well-placed shot can drop even the toughest animals, including big bears and bison.
But what about open fields, or where you might need a quicker second shot? The 450 Bushmaster comes in handy there. It’s faster, often a bit more accurate at mid-range, and cycles quickly in semi-automatic rifles—making follow-up shots much easier.
Here’s how they stack up for common game:
- Whitetail deer: Both work great, but the 450 Bushmaster is often easier to manage and shoot accurately.
- Elk, moose, bear: The heavy-hitting 45-70 is the clear winner with serious stopping power.
Final Thoughts: Which Round Should You Choose?
Now that we’ve explored the world of 45 70 vs 450 Bushmaster, you might still be wondering—which one is right for you?
Here’s the bottom line:
- Choose the 45-70 if you love classic rifles, hunt big game at close range, and want maximum stopping power from a time-tested cartridge.
- Choose the 450 Bushmaster if you prefer a modern rifle platform, want to shoot farther with less recoil, and value faster follow-up shots.
It really comes down to your shooting style, hunting needs, and personal preferences. There’s no wrong choice here—just the right one for you.
Still undecided? Try shooting both at your local range if possible. Feeling the trigger, the recoil, and the way the rifle fits you can often make your decision much easier.